Deterministic and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis approaches. On the basis of seismic disaster analysis, a composite lining designfor tunnel structures across active fault was put forward. Measures for mitigating seismic effect on underground structures. The effect of stiffness of the rc structure due to different reinforcement. Preliminary seismic analysis of structure is carried out using modal response spectrum analysis. Its intended audience is the practicing engineer who may have extensive experience in the design of underground structures but.
Assessment of the design provisions for steel concentric x. Ductility levels low, medium and high dcl, dcm and dch 3. Download free sample and get upto 48% off on mrprental. All analytical expressions hereinafter refer to strains rather than stresses. Seismic design of underground structures using the freefield. Download basics of structural dynamics and aseismic design. This project in volved an effort to develop analysis and design methods and recommended load and resistance factor design lrfd spec ifications for the seismic design of retaining walls, slopes and embankments, and buried structures. Seismic analysis of underground structures sciencedirect. Surface structures in the seismic design practice for bridges, the loads caused by an extreme event earthquake in a seismically active region are often several times more severe than the loads. Zahrah abstractthis study defines the basis jor the aseismic design of subsurface excavations and underground structures. Seismic response analysis of concrete lining structure in large underground powerhouse xiaoweiwang,1,2 juntaochen,1,2 mingxiao,1,2 anddanqiwu1,2. Design guidance on eurocode 8 for practicing engineers.
The most commonly utilized approach in dynamic analysis of underground structures is to neglect the inertial forces of the substructures since these forces are relatively insignificant contrary to the case of surface structures. Miscellaneous underground structures consist of box culverts, precast reinforced concrete threesided structures, detention vaults, and metal pipe arches, and tunnels. Standardisation needs for the design of underground structures. Seismic design and analysis of underground structure. Nevertheless, some underground structures have experienced significant damage in recent large earthquakes, including the 1995 kobe, japan earthquake, the 1999 chichi, taiwan earthquake and the 1999 kocaeli, turkey earthquake. Pdf performance and seismic design of underground structures. Simple analysis methods such as esl method could underestimate the actual demands and produce unsafe structures for irregular buildings 10. Building materials and structures 59 2016 3 325 5 fig. While longitudinal loads figures 1a and 1b are generally not critical for.
Deep structures are safer than shallow structures 4. Design assessment of cbfx the ntc08 design criteria show a first critical issue in the ambiguity of the design procedure in the use of linear. Unlike above ground structures, the response of undergound structures to seismic loading is dominated by the seismic deformations of. Design of underground structures under seismic conditions. Straight underground structural elements can be designed conservatively using these strains and neglecting the slippage between the element and surrounding soil. Then, the effects of the interface on the behavior of underground rc structures are analyzed. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures tunnel. Surface structures in the seismic design practice for bridges, the loads caused by an extreme event earthquake in a seismically active region are often several times more severe than. Newmark previously presented maximum strains in soil caused by a seismic stress wave. While numerous books have been written on earthquakes, earthquake resistance design, and seismic analysis and design of structures, none have been tailored for advanced students and practitioners, and those who would like to have most of the important aspects of seismic analysis in one place. Seismic design considerations for underground box structures. Undrained seismic response of underground structures. Underground structures have generally performed well during seismic events.
A large earthquake would not only cause loss of human lives but can also damage lot of other pertinent infrastructure. The significance and the complexity of soil structure interactions ssi in the seismic analysis and design of large underground structures have become increasingly important, as building. Seismic response analysis of concrete lining structure in. Underground structures are safe against earthquakes 2. Underground structures deform with surrounding ground 3. Comparative analysis of highrise reinforced concrete. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures free download as pdf file. The above fem rectangular tank model is numerically analyzed by means of a full transient linear analysis. Composite lining aseismic design for faultcrossing tunnel. The dynamic contact analysis between large underground structure and surrounding rock is of numerous contact. Flexible expansion joints, seismic isolation on underground structures, period shift and energy dissipation 17. Generally, the seismic design criteria does not control the design of underground structures unless the peak ground acceleration exceeds 0. Hashash yma, hook jj, schmidt b, yao jic 2001 seismic design and analysis of underground structures. After an introduction, it covers various topics, such as elastic foundation beam theory and numerical analysis methods for underground structures, as well as the design of shallow underground structures, diaphragm wall structures, shield tunnel structures, caisson structures, immersed tube structures, and integral tunnel structures.
Table 1 differences in seismic analyses for underground and surface structures. Performance and seismic design of underground structures. Design and analysis of underground structures in swelling and squeezing rocks. This report presents a summary of the current state of seismic analysis and design for underground structures. This paper presents analysis of seismic shear design of twentystory rc building designed in accordance with en 19981. The platform is based on the dynamic timehistory method and uses explicit central difference method to solve the finite element. Seismic analysis of underground structures 1992 navarro c. The report describes approaches used by engineers in quantifying the seismic effect.
Seismic analysis of delhi metro underground tunnels. Performance and seismic design of underground structures 19 the internal forces computed by this procedure, are combined with the static intern al forces, for the final structure detailing. In order to describe strain rate dependence and fatigue damage of concrete material under cyclic loading, a dynamic constitutive model for concrete lining considering. Design of underground structures aims at ensuring that the structure can sustain those deformations without failure. Aug 31, 2016 metro underground tunnels are strategic elements in transportation and utility networks in any metropolitan city and their importance makes their vulnerability to earthquakes a very sensitive issue. This study, is an adaptation and extension of well. These works are reaching increasing dimensions and depths, which leads to a challenging evolution of analyses and design methods, concurrently with innovative constructive procedures. Like many other state of theart reports, it is intended to be brief and to focus on recommended practice. The need to establish a consensus on seismic design pro cedures for underground structures has been recognized for a number of years.
Rulebook on technical norms for construction of highrises in seismically prone areas 1981 eurocode 8, 2004. Modelling of the ovaling effect with finite elements analysis. Quantification of seismic potential failure modes in. For this analysis, uncoupled ductile wall system is selected as structural system of building. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 611. Written for graduate students and practicing geotechnical engineers, this book is designed to help reader understand the fundamental principles and procedures of analysing and designing geotechnical structures subjected to dynamic loads. Nevertheless the design of these structures has to consider seismic loading. Underground structures isolate underground structures from ground deformation. Analysis of seismic damage of underground powerhouse. This procedure requires comprehensive checks for ensuring the. Seismic analysis and design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments explores analytical and design methods for the seismic design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments. This paper extends to other types of structure the simplified methodology proposed by constantopoulos et al 1979 for the seismic design of tunnels. The results of the design phases in terms of member profiles of the different investigated structures together with the total weight of each member type are provided in tables from 1 to 3. The jrc expert group on design of underground structures held its first meeting on.
In order to reduce the potential loss of serviceability, it is essential to. Underground structures, volume 59a 1st edition elsevier. Metro underground tunnels are strategic elements in transportation and utility networks in any metropolitan city and their importance makes their vulnerability to earthquakes a very sensitive issue. Kiyoshi muto, was professor of structural engineering at tokyo university until his retirement a few years ago. We have developed a largescale 3d numerical analysis technique for practical design, and are researching application of the technique to the earthquakeresistant design of actual large tunnels having complicated structures 5, 6. Based on the dynamic damage constitutive model of concrete material and seismic rocklining structure interaction analysis method, the seismic response of lining structure in large underground powerhouse is studied in this paper. Comparative analysis of highrise reinforced concrete structures according to international seismic design codes 212 since then, many new codes detailing requirements have been introduced to ensure seismic resistance. Threedimensional numerical simulation method was used to analyze aseismic and damping. A finite element analysis program is developed and verified by predicting both static and dynamic behaviors of underground rc structures. Researcharticle seismic response analysis of concrete lining structure in large underground powerhouse xiaoweiwang,1,2 juntaochen,1,2 mingxiao,1,2 anddanqiwu1,2. This report describes approaches used by engineers in quantifying the seismic effect.
This algorithm enables the simulation of three states of contact surface under dynamic loads, namely, cohesive contact, sliding contact, and separation. The governing equations of motion can be expressed in matrix form as chopra 1996 1 with m, and being the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. For underground structures such as tunnels, the seismic design approach differs from that of the surface structures e. The elastic stiffness used in analysis should correspond to the stiffness of the elastic branch of such a bilinear global forcedeformation response. Progress has been made in the last few years the understanding of the soilonstructure interaction mechanisms and the stress and displacement transfer from the ground to the structure during a seismic event. Chapter 1 introduction seismic analysis and design of. The contents of this first volume will be of particular interest to practicing structural engineers. Seismic analysis and design of retaining walls, buried. While, simple analysis methods are available for designing regular structures, however the use of simple methods is restricted by code regularity limits that lack proper analytical justification. The book offers a systematic treatment of the analysis and design of foundations and retaining structures subjected to dynamic loads.
Based on the characteristics of the dynamic interaction between an underground powerhouse concrete structure and its surrounding rock in a hydropower plant, an algorithm of dynamic contact force was proposed. This is because the structures are supported on all sides by soil and rock, and move as a unit with the adjacent soil. The dynamic analysis of underground powerhouse structure was performed with an inhouse fem numerical simulation platform, suced, which was designed for estimating seismic damage of large underground caverns group. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures.
Unlike above ground structures, the response of undergound structures to seismic loading is dominated by the seismic deformations of the surrounding soil. In the dynamic analysis approach, a dynamic soil structure interaction is conducted using numerical analysis tools such as finite element or finite difference. Underground structures for underground structures such as tunnels, the seismic design approach differs from that of the surface structures e. Oct 06, 2011 measures for mitigating seismic effect on underground structures. Underground facilities are an integral part of the infrastructure of modern society and are used for a wide range of applications, including subways and railways, highways, material storage, and sewage and water transport. Previously, it was believed that the underground structures are less. Seismic design of underground structures using the free. Effect of underground structures in earthquake resistant. Historically, underground facilities have experienced a lower rate of damage than surface structures. Jul 31, 2012 generally, the seismic design criteria does not control the design of underground structures unless the peak ground acceleration exceeds 0. Design of underground structures civil engineering community. Building materials and structures 59 2016 3 325 4 the seismic analysis of the rc structures according to eurocode 8 is completely different compared with the old bulgarian seismic code because of the required by eurocode 8 capacity design procedure. This report describes approaches used by engineers in quantifying the seismic effect on an underground structure. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures ita activities.
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